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DRAFT — NOT FOR PUBLIC EMERGENCY USE
Draft content aligned with ILCOR/AHA resuscitation guidelines, IFRC/Red Cross first aid guidance, WHO emergency care principles, and NFPA fire safety standards. Requires expert review before publication.
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Do this nowPASS — Extinguisher Basics
A fire doubles in size quickly. Correct extinguisher use on a small kitchen or waste-bin fire can prevent a house fire. Wrong use — on large fires, grease fires with water, or without an exit — puts you at risk.
Follow these in order when you need this skill.
Only attempt if: the fire is small and contained, you have the correct extinguisher type, you have a clear exit behind you, and you are not breathing smoke. Otherwise — get out and call fire services.
Pull the safety pin to unlock the handle. Aim low at the base of the fire, not the flames.
Point the nozzle at the base of the fire where the fuel is burning — not at the top of the flames.
Squeeze to discharge extinguishing agent. Release to stop.
Sweep from side to side at the base until the fire appears out. Watch for re-ignition.
Keep facing the fire and move toward your exit. If the fire grows or smoke fills the room, abandon the attempt and evacuate immediately. Call fire services.
Things that can make the situation worse
Locate your home extinguisher. Read the label for type and expiry. Trace your exit path from the kitchen. Practice saying PASS: Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep.
Question 1
What does the "A" in PASS stand for?
Answer: Aim at the base of the fire. Aim at the base where the fuel burns — not the top of the flames.
Question 2
When should you NOT attempt to use a fire extinguisher?
Answer: Large spreading fire with smoke filling the room. Leave large or spreading fires to professionals. Evacuate and call fire services.
Practice this skill for these emergency situations.
More skills in Fire & evacuation.