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Civilian Emergency Platform
DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — A person who is unresponsive and has stopped breathing or is breathing abnormally (gasping, gurgling).
DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — NOT EXPERT REVIEWED — NOT FOR PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION
DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — Their chest is not rising and falling.
DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — They are making gasping, snoring, or gurgling sounds — this is NOT normal breathing.
DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — Their lips, face, or fingernails are turning blue or grey.
Scene hazards: Traffic, Electricity, Fire
DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — Confirm they are not breathing: Look at their chest for up to 10 seconds.
DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — Shout for someone to call 112 or put your phone on speaker and call yourself.
DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — Place the person flat on their back on a firm surface.
DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — Put the heel of one hand on the center of their chest (between the nipples). Place your other hand on top.
DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — Push down hard — at least 5 cm (2 inches) deep. Push fast — 100 to 120 pushes per minute.
DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — Let the chest come all the way back up between each push. Do not lean on the chest.
DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — Call 112. Say: "Someone is not breathing. I am doing CPR. Send an ambulance."
DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — Ask if there is an AED (defibrillator) nearby. Someone should go get it while you keep pushing.
DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — This is always a life-threatening emergency. Do not stop CPR until paramedics take over.
DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — Do NOT stop to check for a pulse. Keep pushing.
DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — Do NOT put them in the recovery position if they are not breathing — they need chest compressions.
DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — Do NOT worry about breaking ribs. Broken ribs can heal — cardiac arrest is fatal without CPR.
MYTH: DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — You should check for a pulse before starting CPR
REALITY: DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — Pulse checks by untrained people are unreliable and waste critical time. If they are not breathing normally, start compressions.
DANGER: DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — Delayed CPR dramatically reduces survival.
MYTH: DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — Mouth-to-mouth breathing is required for CPR
REALITY: DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — Hands-only CPR (compression-only) is effective and recommended for bystanders.
DANGER: DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — People avoid CPR because they do not want to do mouth-to-mouth.
DEVELOPMENT FIXTURE — When someone stops breathing, their brain and organs begin to die within 4-6 minutes. Chest compressions keep blood flowing until professional help arrives.